Fig. 5

NLRP3-designed therapeutical strategies in GI cancers. Targeted NLRP3 inhibitors employed in the treatment for GI cancers encompass, nowadays, the following compounds: MCC950, Oridonin, CY-09 and Tranilast. MCC950 has been mostly applied in the management of PDA and CRC, where it has shown efficacy in inducing apoptosis of neoplastic cells, concomitantly with IL-1β and IL-18 reduction within the TME. Oridonin is currently under investigation for the treatment of several GI cancers, including HCC, used in combination with Sorafenib, CRC, GC, EC and PDA, found to induce cell death and, specifically in PDA context, to revert drug resistance. The effectiveness of CY-09 inhibitor has been revealed in PDA background, being able to dampen cellular proliferation. Tranilast showed its efficacy in GC and CRC shrinkage