Fig. 2
From: Dengue virus pathogenesis and host molecular machineries
Physiological roles of DENV proteins: A The NS1 protein interacts with TLR4 and activates macrophages, resulting in cytokine release. Cytokines disrupt tight junctions and endothelial barriers, leading to plasma leakage in severe cases of dengue [8]. B NS3, together with the co-factor NS2B, participates in the processing of the dengue polyprotein, assisting in efficient virus replication [9]. C The Capsid protein helps in packaging folded RNA released from the DENV replication complex [4]. D Envelope glycoproteins attach to host receptors and form the dengue-host membrane complex, resulting in virus internalization to process its replication and propagation inside the host cell [13]