Fig. 5

DENV and host post-transcriptional regulations: A Dengue Virus NS5 associates with active spliceosomes, interacting with key components of the U5 snRNP and sequestering them in the cytoplasm. This reduces their levels in the nucleus and alters the events of alternative splicing [41]. B In the early stages of DENV infection, viral genomic RNA (vgRNA) binds to DDX6 via the 3’UTR and recruits mRNA decay enzymes to the viral replication complex. The exoribonuclease XRN-I initiates the degradation of vgRNA, resulting in the formation of sfRNA. These pseudoknot structures play a role in stalling the XRN1 enzyme near the 5’ border of the 3’ UTR, causing the inhibition of XRN-1 and leading to modulations in mRNA degradation pathways, consequently affecting the RNAi response [43]