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Table 1 Conventional risk factors and HO-1 genotype in relation to carotid atherosclerosis.

From: GT-repeat polymorphism in the heme oxygenase-1 gene promoter and the risk of carotid atherosclerosis related to arsenic exposure

Characteristics

Lanyang cohort

LMN cohort

Controls

Patients

Age- and gender-adjusted

Controls

Patients

Age- and gender-adjusted

n (%)

n (%)

OR (95% CI)

n (%)

n (%)

OR (95% CI)

Total subjects

256

250

 

164

117

 

Age, year

      

   < 55

70 (27.3)

25 (10.0)

1.0

90 (54.9)

22 (18.8)

1.0

   55-65

117 (45.7)

94 (37.6)

2.13 (1.25-3.64)†

57 (34.8)

49 (41.9)

3.68 (1.99-6.83)‡

   ≥ 65

69 (27.0)

131 (52.4)

4.92 (2.85-8.50)‡

17 (10.4)

46 (39.3)

11.33 (5.39-23.83)‡

Gender

      

   Female

154 (60.2)

116 (46.4)

1.0

91 (55.5)

40 (34.2)

1.0

   Male

102 (39.8)

134 (53.6)

1.46 (1.01-2.11)*

73 (44.5)

77 (65.8)

2.47 (1.41-4.32)†

Habitual smoking

      

   No

182 (71.1)

146 (58.4)

1.0

133 (81.0)

79 (68.1)

1.0

   Yes

74 (28.9)

104 (41.6)

1.10 (0.61-1.97)

31 (18.9)

37 (31.9)

1.29 (0.62-2.71)

Body mass index, kg/m2

      

   < 27

200 (79.4)

207 (83.8)

1.0

134 (81.7)

100 (85.5)

1.0

   ≥ 27

52 (20.6)

40 (16.2)

0.84 (0.52-1.35)

30 (18.3)

17 (14.5)

0.79 (0.38-1.67)

Triglycerides, mg/dL

      

   < 150

197 (77.6)

174 (70.2)

1.0

121 (73.8)

78 (67.2)

1.0

   ≥ 150

57 (22.4)

74 (29.8)

1.48 (0.97-2.25)

43 (26.2)

38 (32.8)

1.07 (0.59-1.95)

Total cholesterol, mg/dL

      

   < 200

136 (53.5)

115 (46.2)

1.0

78 (47.6)

40 (34.5)

1.0

   ≥ 200

118 (46.5)

134 (53.8)

1.43 (0.99-2.08)

86 (52.4)

76 (65.5)

1.44 (0.81-2.57)

Hypertension history

      

   No

168 (65.9)

134 (54.0)

1.0

105 (64.0)

50 (42.7)

1.0

   Yes

87 (34.1)

114 (46.0)

1.58 (1.08-2.31)*

59 (36.0)

67 (57.3)

1.65 (0.95-2.87)

Diabetes mellitus

      

   No

222 (87.4)

221 (88.8)

1.0

137 (84.1)

82 (71.3)

1.0

   Yes

32 (12.6)

28 (11.2)

0.84 (0.48-1.47)

26 (16.0)

33 (28.7)

2.57 (1.31-5.03)†

HO-1 Genotype

      

   L/L

65 (25.4)

72 (28.8)

1.0

45 (27.4)

36 (30.8)

1.0

   L/S

129 (50.4)

131 (52.4)

0.88 (0.57-1.35)

90 (54.9)

54 (46.2)

0.49 (0.25-0.96)*

   S/S

62 (24.2)

47 (18.8)

0.69 (0.41-1.17)

29 (17.7)

27 (23.1)

0.75 (0.33-1.66)

  1. OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval.
  2. Age was defined as continuous variable in the age- and gender-adjusted regression models.
  3. Difference from the total number of patients and controls for each variable is due to missing data.
  4. The class S allele denotes < 27 GT repeats and L allele ≥ 27 GT repeats in the HO-1 gene promoter.
  5. * p < 0.05, † p < 0.01, ‡ p < 0.001.
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Journal of Biomedical Science

ISSN: 1423-0127