Table 1 Characteristics of the subjects with and without metabolic syndrome

Total number

71

31

36 (69.2%)

16 (30.8%)

35 (70.0%)

15 (30.0%)

Age (yr)

55.5 ± 7.8

56.5 ± 8.5

> 0.1

56 ± 9

55 ± 8

> 0.1

55 ± 6

58 ± 9

> 0.1

Smoker, n (%)

10 (14.1%)

4 (12.9%)

> 0.1

10 (27.8%)

4 (25.0%)

> 0.1

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

1.000

Hypertension, n (%)

14 (19.7%)

19 (61.3%)

< 0.0001

8 (22.2%)

11 (68.8%)

0.001

6 (17.1%)

10 (53.3%)

0.009

Anti-HTN drugs, n (%)

5 (7.0%)

6 (19.4%)

0.07

2 (5.6%)

4 (25%)

0.06

3 (8.6%)

2 (13.3%)

> 0.1

Systolic BP (mmHg)

114 ± 13

129 ± 13

< 0.0001

116 ± 12

128 ± 14

0.004

111 ± 13

131 ± 13

< 0.0001

Diastolic BP (mmHg)

71 ± 10

79 ± 9

0.0003

72 ± 10

79 ± 9

0.020

70 ± 10

79 ± 9

0.007

Diabetes, n (%)

2 (2.8%)

2 (6.5%)

> 0.1

1 (2.8%)

1 (6.3%)

> 0.1

1 (2.9%)

1 (6.7%)

> 0.1

Fasting sugar (mg/dl)

94 ± 18

107 ± 19

0.0013

93 ± 9

107 ± 15

0.001

91 ± 7

107 ± 23

0.0006

Body weight (kg)

63.0 ± 11.2

70.5 ± 12.6

0.0033

69.0 ± 10.7

77.6 ± 8.8

0.008

56.7 ± 7.8

63.0 ± 12.0

0.031

Body mass index (kg/m²)

24.1 ± 3.3

26.6 ± 3.6

0.0008

24.3 ± 3.4

26.9 ± 2.4

0.007

23.8 ± 3.2

26.2 ± 4.5

0.042

Waist circumference (cm)

82.7 ± 9.2

90.7 ± 7.5

< 0.0001

84.9 ± 8.6

92.3 ± 6.1

0.001

80.5 ± 9.5

89.0 ± 8.7

0.005

Waist-hip ratio

0.87 ± 0.07

0.92 ± 0.06

0.0019

0.89 ± 0.05

0.93 ± 0.04

0.006

0.85 ± 0.08

0.90 ± 0.07

0.046

Triglyceride (mg/dl)

95 ± 39

164 ± 93

0.0003

98 ± 45

166 ± 95

0.013

92 ± 32

163 ± 95

0.013

HDL cholesterol (mg/dl)

60 ± 14

50 ± 14

0.0008

55 ± 11

45 ± 10

0.003

66 ± 14

56 ± 15

0.022

Total cholesterol (mg/dl)

209 ± 39

216 ± 35

> 0.1

202 ± 38

209 ± 37

> 0.1

217 ± 38

224 ± 33

> 0.1