Figure 1
Intermittent hypoxia (IH) effects on mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and cell death in PC12 cells. (A) Mitochondrial ROS generation was determined by flow cytometry using MitoSOX Red. (B) Quantitative levels of mitochondrial ROS generation in PC12 cells exposed to normoxia for 4 days (RA4, n = 16), IH for 1–4 days (IH1, n = 6; IH2, n = 6; IH3, n = 7; IH4, n = 7) and IH4 along with the superoxide dismutase (IH4 + SOD, n = 6) and Mn(III)tetrakis(4-benzoic acid)porphyrin (IH4 + MnTBAP, n = 6). (C-E) Percentages of viable cells (M1), apoptotic fractions (M2) and necrotic fractions (M3) were assessed using an Annexin V assay and flow cytomery. (F) Quantitative levels of viable, apoptotic and necrotic fractions among PC12 cells exposed to RA4 (n = 10), IH4 (n = 10) and RA4 along with H2O2 (RA4 + H2O2, n = 4). *p < 0.05 compared with RA4. #p < 0.05 compared with IH4. Values are means ± SEMs.