Fig. 1

Cn and HIV-1 gp41-I90 induce THP-1 adhesion to HBMEC monolayers in a dose- and time-dependent manner. THP-1 adhesion assays were performed as described in the Methods section. a, c Induction of THP-1 adhesion with different doses (10⁶-2 × 10⁷ CFU/ml) of Cn and HIV-1 gp41 (0–20 μM). b, d Time-course study of Cn and HIV-1 gp41-I90-induced THP-1 adhesion to HBMEC monolayers. THP-1 adhesion was triggered by 5 × 10⁶ CFU/ml of Cn or 2 μM HIV-1 gp41-I90. Adhesion was expressed as an n-fold increase relative to the basal level. *P < 0.05, **P <0.01, ***P < 0.001