Fig. 3

The recombinant virus rNDV-P53 induces cell death by apoptosis in human tumor cells HepG2. a Cytotoxicity of rNDV-P53 in tumor cells. HepG2 cell were infected with rNDV or rNDV-P53 virus for 24 h. Cell viability was determined by MTT assays (mean ± SD). Replicates were averaged, and the error bars represent the SD of three independent experiments. b The cells were infected with the rNDV or rNDV-P53 in different dosages. Cell apoptosis was detected by Annexin V-FITC/PI Apoptosis Detection Kit according to the manufacturer′s instructions and followed by flow cytometry. c After 12 h or 24 h of virus infection, HepG2 cells were stained with JC-1 and analyzed by flow cytometry