Fig. 1

Temporal changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) or power density of the low-frequency (BLF) component of AP spectrum in rats that received pretreatment by microinjection bilaterally into the RVLM of normal rat serum (NRS; 1:20), anti-SUMO-1 antiserum (SUMO-1 Ab; 1:20) or anti-Ubc9 antiserum (Ubc9 Ab; 1:20), followed by intravenous administration of saline or LPS (10 mg kg⁻¹). The three distinct phases based on reduced (Phase I), augmented (Phase II) and a secondary decreased (Phase III) power density of the BLF spectral component induced by LPS are denoted on top of the figure. Values are mean ± SEM of 7–8 animals per experimental group. *P < 0.05 versus NRS + saline group, and ⁺ P < 0.05 versus NRS + LPS group at corresponding time-points in the post hoc Scheffé multiple-range test. B = preinjection baseline. Note that for clarity of illustration, data on pretreatment with normal mouse serum in this and Figs. 4 to 6 were omitted because they were comparable to those with NRS pretreatment