Current and novel polymeric biomaterials for neural tissue engineering

Table 4 The main carbon-based nanomaterials used in neural tissue engineering, biocompatibility in vitro/in vivo, and examples of their applications

Electroconductive Polymer	Biocompatibility in vitro	Biocompatibility in vivo	Application	References
Preclinical Studies
Graphene	PC12		Sheets	[205]
	BV2 cells		Foam	[206]
	NSCs		Substrate	[35]
	NSCs		Rolled foam	[25, 207]
	hNSCs		Nanogrids	[208,209,210,211]
		Rats and Mice	Electrode	[212]
CNTs	NG108-15		SWCNTs	[213]
	Hippocampal neuronal cultures from Sprague-Dawley rats		SWCNTs	[215]
	Astrocytic cultures from C57BL/6 mice pups		SWCNTs	[216]
	NSCs		SWCNTs	[217]
	NSCs		MWCNTs	[218]
		Mice	MWCNTs	[219]
	PC12		MWCNTs	[220]
	PC12		Electrodes	[187]
		Rats	Electrodes	[221]

hNSCs: human neural stem cells; NCSs: neural stem cells; CNTs: carbon nanotubes; SWCNTs: single-walled carbon nanotubes; MWCNTs: multi-walled carbon nanotubes.

ISSN: 1423-0127