From: Rosmarinus officinalis L. (rosemary) as therapeutic and prophylactic agent
Phytocompound | Pharmacological effect | Reference |
---|---|---|
Caffeic acid | a. Antibacterial | [168] |
b. Antioxidant | [169] | |
c. Inhibitory effect of tumor cell immigration | [170] | |
d. Inhibitory effect of tumor cell proliferation | [171] | |
e. Protective effect of transplanted livers | [172] | |
f. Apoptotic effect on tumor cells | [173] | |
Carnosic acid | a. Antiproliferative | [174] |
b. Protective effect of photoreceptor cells | [175] | |
c. Antitumor | [176] | |
d. Anti-inflammatory | [177] | |
e. Inhibitory effect of digestive enzymes (lipase, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase) | [178] | |
f. Suppressive effect of lipogenesis | [179] | |
Chlorogenic acid | a. Antioxidant | [180] |
b. Protective effect against lead-induced renal damage | [181] | |
c. Protective effect against colitis | [182] | |
d. Anti-infective | [183] | |
Oleanolic acid | a. Antiviral | [184] |
b. Protective effect against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis | [185] | |
c. Antiproliferative | [186] | |
d. Antitumor | [187] | |
e. Antioxidant | [188] | |
Rosmarinic acid | a. Neuroprotective | [189] |
b. Protective effect against nicotine-induced atherosclerosis | [190] | |
c. Complementary agent to the anticancer chemotherapy | [191] | |
d. Anxiety control | [192] | |
e. Antiproliferative | [193] | |
f. Antiviral | [194] | |
Ursolic acid | a. Cytotoxic for tumor cells | [195] |
b. Anticancer | [196] | |
c. Inducer of osteoblastic activity and reducer of osteoclastic activity | [197] | |
d. Hypouricemic | [198] | |
e. Proapoptotic | [199] | |
f. Inductor of insulin sensitivity | [200] | |
g. Protective effect against diabetic nephropathy | [201] | |
h. Reducer of weight gain and atherosclerosis | [202] | |
Alpha-pinene | a. Antibacterial | [203] |
b. Antimicrobial | [204] | |
c. Protective effect against aspirin-induced oxidative stress | [205] | |
d. Protective effect against peptic ulcer | [206] | |
Camphor | a. Immunomodulatory | [207] |
b. Antiproliferative | [208] | |
c. Hypoglycemic | [209] | |
d. Antimicrobial | [210] | |
e. Antifungal, antihyphal, and antibiofilm | [211] | |
Carnosol | a. Antiproliferative | [212] |
b. Protective effect against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury | [213] | |
c. Antifungal | [214] | |
d. Proapoptotic and proautophagic | [215] | |
e. Anti-inflammatory | [216] | |
f. Anti-atopic dermatitis | [217] | |
g. Antidiabetic | [218] | |
Eucalyptol | a. Proapoptotic | [219] |
b. Antibiofilm | [220] | |
c. Control of infection and inflammation | [221] | |
d. Anti-inflammatory | [222] | |
e. Antinociceptive | [223] | |
f. Antiviral | [224] | |
Rosmanol | a. Antinociceptive, antidepressant, and anxiolytic | [82] |
b. Anticancer | [225] | |
Eugenol | a. Acaricidal | [226] |
b. Antifungal | [227] | |
c. Chemotherapeutic on cervical cancer cells | [228] | |
d. Antiproliferative | [229] | |
e. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidative | [230] | |
Luteolin | a. Anti-inflammatory | [231] |
b. Anti-atopic dermatitis | [232] | |
c. Proapoptotic and proautophagic | [233] | |
d. Antimicrobial | [234] | |
e. Antiproliferative | [235] | |
f. Protection of microglia against rotenone-induced toxicity | [236] | |
g. Inhibitory effect of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis | [237] |