Fig. 2

Stx2 produces reactive astrocytes in a dose dependent manner. Control (a-b); 0.5 ng of Stx2 (c-d); 1 ng of Stx2 (e-f) after 4 days of treatment. Immunofluorescence using an anti-GFAP antibody (a, c, e). Merge images between anti-GFAP immunofluorescence and Hoechst histofluorescence (b, d, f). Negative controls by omitting primary antibody (g). Quantification of integral optical density (IOD) from reactive astrocytes (h). The drawn square shows the area analyzed which corresponds to the hippocampal CA1 Rad area (i). Different letters (a, b, c) above the columns indicate significant differences between each dose (h). Scale bar in Fig. G applies to all micrographs. Data were analyzed by One-way ANOVA, Bonferroni’s post hoc test, p < 0.05, n = 4