Basics and applications of tumor-derived extracellular vesicles

Table 1 Functional effects of EV cargos in cancers

EV cargo	Type of cargo	Functional effects	Reference
Amino acids or TCA-cycle intermediates	Metabolites	Promote cancer growth	[74]
Annexin A6	Protein	Pre-mPremetastatic niche formation	[31]
Integrins	Protein	Organotropic metastasis	[39]
Lethal-7 miRNA family	miRNA	Maintain the highly metastatic tumorigenic phenotype	[56]
MET	Protein	Pre-mPremetastatic niche formation	[41]
miR-223	miRNA	Enhance cancer invasion	[57]
miR-10b and miR-21	miRNA	Regulate cancer development	[59]
Mitochondrial DNA		Regulate escape from dormancy in therapy-resistant cancers	[47]
Mutant K-Ras	Protein	Enhance three-dimensional growth of cells	[68]
TGF-β	Protein	Promote fibroblast-myofibroblast differentiation	[64, 65]
Tissue factor	Protein	Regulate pro-coagulant activity of endothelial cells	[66]

ISSN: 1423-0127