Fig. 7

Effects of raloxifene on cell viability, lipid accumulation, adipogenic proteins and β-catenin expression in 3 T3-L1 cells. a cell viability of 3 T3-L1 cells treated with RAL (1–40 μM) for 16 h expressed as optical density percentage, *P < 0.05 versus control; (b) schematic diagram for the experimental protocol of 3 T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation and RAL treatment; (c) lipid accumulation in differentiated 3 T3-L1 adipocytes stained by Oil Red O; (d-g) Western blot analysis of adipogenic proteins PPAR-γ, C/EBP-α, and FABP4 and (H) β-catenin; (i) effects of co-treatment with RAL (20 μM) and β-catenin inhibitor IWR-1-endo (25 μM) on oil-red-O staining and (j) protein expression of PPAR-γ and C/EBP-α in 3 T3-L1 adipocytes. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05 versus undifferentiation (Undiff.); ^# P < 0.05 versus differentiation (Diff.); ⁺P < 0.05 versus differentiation+ raloxifene (Diff. + RAL)