Table 2 EV-A71 viral proteins target PRRs and innate immune regulators

TLR3

2A downregulates TLR3

[41]

TRIF

3C cleaves TRIF at Q312- S313

[43, 70]

RIG-I

1. 3C targets RIG-I

2. 3C degrades RIG-I

[77]

[78]

MDA5

1. 2A degrades MDA5

2. Host caspase cleaves MDA5

3. 3D interacts with the MDA5 CARD region

[78]

[44]

[79]

MAVS

2A cleaves MAVS at Gly209, Gly251, and Gly265

[43, 80]

NLRP3

1. 2A cleaves NLRP3 at Q225-G226

2. 3C cleaves NLRP3 G493-L494

[48]

GSMD

3C cleaves GSDMD at Q193-G194

[81]

TRAF6/IRAK1

Host miR-146a downregulates TRAF6/IRAK1

[76]

TAB2/TAK1/TAB1/TAB3

3C cleaves TAB2 at Q113-S114, TAK1 at Q360-S361, TAB1 at Q414-G415 and Q451-S452, and TAB3 at Q173-G174 and Q343-G344

[72]

IKKβ/p65

2C targets IKKβ and p65

[73, 74]

IRF7

3C cleaves IRF7 at Q189-S190

[71]

IRF9

3C cleaves IRF9

[82]

IFNAR1

2A downregulates IFNAR1

[83]

ZAP

3C cleaves ZAP at Q369 -G370

[84]