Fig. 9

Effect of hG-CSF gene therapy on GABAergic neurons and functional behavior. a Photomicrograph of GAD expression in the cortex, CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus at 4 days post BCAO. White arrow head indicates immunopositive expression of GAD. b–d Quantitative analysis of GAD expression in b cortex, and hippocampal c CA1 and d CA3. qRT-PCR and western analysis e, f mRNA and g, h protein of GAD65 expression level at 4 days post BCAO. i–l Behavioral assessment using i, j corner test and k, l locomotor activity i, k 4- and j, l 7-days respectively. Statistical analysis for behavioral analysis (Sham n = 16; AAV-CMV-GFP n = 27; AAV-CMV-hG-CSF n = 21) was performed by Two Way ANOVA repeated measures, with Tukey as post hoc test and expressed as means ± S.E.M; *p < 0.05/**p < 0.01/***p < 0.001 versus Sham group ^#p < 0.05/^##p < 0.01 versus AAV-CMV-GFP- treated group. All other analysis was performed with One Way ANOVA, with Tukey as post hoc test means ± S.E.M; *p < 0.05/**p < 0.01/***p < 0.001 versus Sham group while ^#p < 0.05/ ^##p < 0.01 versus AAV-CMV-GFP- treated group (n = 6 per group)