Fig. 5

Transcriptional profiles supporting inflammatory processes and reduced cell proliferation and metabolism in individuals progressing to DHF. A–G Gene expression profiles of PBMCs from DENV-infected individuals progressing to DF (n = 5) or DHF (n = 6) were compared. A Mean-difference plot displaying genes differentially expressed between DF and DHF cases. Each gene is plotted as a single point determined by log-fold-change and average transcript abundance. Red genes are overrepresented, and blue genes are underrepresented in DHF relative to DF. B Plots showing significantly enriched GO terms scaled by Log10(P-value). Red GO terms are upregulated and blue GO terms are downregulated in DHF compared to DF. C Bar plots showing significantly enriched KEGG pathways scaled by Log10(P-value). Red KEGG pathways are upregulated and blue KEGG pathways are downregulated in DHF compared to DF. D IPA canonical pathways significantly overrepresented in differentially expressed genes between DF and DHF cases scaled by Log10(P-value). Pathways with a positive z-score in red are activated in DHF relative to DF, and pathways with a negative z-score in blue are inhibited in DHF compared to DF. The red line corresponds to a P value of 0.05. E Upstream regulator analysis of the 2411 differentially expressed genes between DHF and DF. The red lines represent a significant activation z-score of ±2. F–G Graphical summaries depicting networks of genes and downstream processes activated in cases progressing to DHF relative to DF (F) or processes enriched in patients progressing to DF relative to DHF (G)