ACE2 in chronic disease and COVID-19: gene regulation and post-translational modification

Table 1 The identified transcription factors for the human ACE2 promoter

Transcription factors	Binding regions	Sequence	Ref.
GATA6	− 408 to − 403	TTATCT	[36]
GATA6	− 351 to − 341	TCCGTGTATCT	[36]
Ikaros	− 525 to − 519	ATTTGGA	[30]
HNF1α/HNF1β	− 346 to − 330	GTATCTTTAACAGCTTT	[34]
	− 329 to − 312	CTAGGAAAATATTAACCA
	− 259 to − 242	AGGATTAAAGAATAACGT
	− 921 to − 915	AGTCATA	[33]
STAT3	− 2031 to − 2021	TTCAACCTTTT	[37]
HNF4α	− 7436 to − 7423	GTGATCTTTGACTC	[35]
HNF4α	− 5533 to − 5520	ATGTACTTTGCTCT	[35]
SIRT1	− 15,794 to − 15,656	CCCTCCAGAGACGCAGATTACACAACATCCTTCAGTAGTCTGCGTCAATGTTTCAAACTGTGAAGTGATTCTCCCTGAAGACTAAACATGAGGTTTCACTGTGTTCTTTCAGTACATTTCCTCCTGTTCTTTTCTTGCA	[49]
	− 15,621 to − 15,521	TGACGTCAACAAATTTCAAGGCAAAAGTACTCTGTCATTTTCATCTATTTTTTAAAATGATAATTATTTTCTTCTTTAATAACCTTACTAGCTCTTCGGAA
	− 15,607 to − 15,505	TTCAAGGCAAAAGTACTCTGTCATTTTCATCTATTTTTTAAAATGATAATTATTTTCTTCTTTAATAACCTTACTAGCTCTTCGGAACCTTTACCACATCCCA

The numbering of the human ACE2 promoter is based on Ensembl genome browser (ID: ENST00000252519.8)

ISSN: 1423-0127