Fig. 1

Schematic describing natural versus synthetic Ab generation strategies. The top schematic shows the generation of natural Abs via animal/human immunizations followed by either isolation of polyclonal Abs directly from blood serum (A1) or isolation of monoclonal Abs via hybridoma technologies involving the isolation and immortalization of monoclonal B-cells grown in culture (A2). The bottom schematic indicates the generation of synthetic Abs by molecular display methods (i.e. phage, yeast, ribosome, etc.). This example shows a phage-display synthetic Ab library undergoing in vitro selections against a target antigen. The selection is performed during multiple rounds to eventually enrich for antigen selective Ab binders. Individual phage clones are then isolated and via recombinant methods monoclonal synthetic Abs are generated (B1). More advanced methods utilize next-generation sequencing combined with advanced computational assessments to determine the clonal population profiles. Based on mathematical rankings, statistics, and various other computational approaches, individual clones are selected for recombinant protein expression, ultimately producing monoclonal synthetic Abs (B2)