Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for treatment towards immune- and inflammation-mediated diseases: review of current clinical trials

Table 1 MSC clinical trials for immune-related diseases

MSC source	Total %	Total No.	No. of clinical trial phases
MSC source	Total %	Total No.	?	0	1	1 & 2	2	2 & 3	3	4
Unspecified	21.0	49	1	0	9	21	14	3	1	0
Bone marrow	41.2	96	3	1	21^a	38	25	3	5	0
Adipose tissue	16.3	38	0	1	10	17	7	1	2	0
Umbilical cord	14.2	33	0	0	6^ab	22	4^c	0	0	1
Umbilical cord blood	5.6	13	0	0	3	4	3	1	2	0
Placenta	1.3	3	0	0	2^b	0	1^c	0	0	0
Menstrual Blood	0.4	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0
Total No. of clinical trial phases		230	4	2	49^d	103	53^e	8	10	1
Total % of clinical trial phases			1.7	0.9	21.3	44.8	23.0	3.5	4.3	0.4

^abcMSCs are applied to the same clinical trials
^deNumber of total clinical trial phase 1 and phase 2 withdraw duplicated MSC source number in the same clinical trials

ISSN: 1423-0127