Mammalian microRNA: an important modulator of host-pathogen interactions in human viral infections

Table 1 Summary of some important miRNAs modulating Hepatitis C and B and HIV-1 infection by targeting host factors

miRNAs	Targets	Actions
Hepatitis C virus
miR-21	IFN1	Suppress viral replication
miR-130a	HCV entry	Suppress viral replication
miR-21/miR-134/miR-320c/miR-483-5p	NFkB and PI3K-Akt	Inhibit NFkB and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
miR-196	HMOX1	Increase replication
miR-279	Lipid metabolism	Inhibit replication
miR-155	wnt signaling	Immune defense against the virus
Hepatitis B virus
miR-122	upregulation of HMOX1	Decrease virus level in cell
miR-501	HBxIP
miR-372/373	NFIB	Promotes replication
miR-155	IFN1	Suppress HBV disease pathogenesis
Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1
miR-27b	Cyclin T1	Prevent the activation of CD4+ cells
miR-155	TLR3/Lymphocytes/DC	Reduces HIV-1 infection
miR-155	3′ UTR of HDFs; LEDGF/p75, ADAM10, NUP 153	Decrease HIV replication
miR-146a	CXCR4	Prevents HIV-1 entry
miR-132	MeCP-2	Enhances HIV-1 infection
miR-217 and miR-34a	SIRT1	Enhances HIV-1 tat-mediated trans-activation
miR-182	NAMPT	Enhances HIV-1 tat-mediated trans-activation
miR-34a	PNUTS	Promotes HIV-1 transcription
miR-17/92 cluster and miR-20a	PCAF	Decrease susceptibility to HIV-1 infection

DC dendritic cells, SIRT1 Sirtuin 1, NAMPT Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, LEDGF Lens Epithelium-derived Growth factor, ADAM10 a disintegrin and metalloprotease, MeCP2 methyl CpG binding protein 2, HDF HIV dependency factors, nup153 Nuclear pore complex protein Nup153, HBx interacting protein, NFkB nuclear factor kappa B. IFNI Interferon I, HMOX1 Heme oxygenase 1, PNUTS phosphatase 1 nuclear-targeting subunit, PCAF p300-CREB binding protein associated factor

ISSN: 1423-0127